CNS (Central Nervous System) vs PNS (Peripheral Nervous System) — Difference (with Table & FAQs)
CNS (Central Nervous System) vs PNS (Peripheral Nervous System) — a 7-row comparison table, 4 key points and 3 exam FAQs. Class 10 Biology.
TL;DR: CNS (Central Nervous System) vs PNS (Peripheral Nervous System) — a 7-row comparison table, 4 key points and 3 exam FAQs. Class 10 Biology.
Written & reviewed by the Syllab.in Academic Team (CBSE/NCERT subject experts) · Updated
The main difference between CNS (Central Nervous System) and PNS (Peripheral Nervous System): The CNS and PNS are the two main divisions of the nervous system with distinct structures and functions. The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord and con
CNS (Central Nervous System) vs PNS (Peripheral Nervous System) — Comparison Table
| Basis | CNS (Central Nervous System) | PNS (Peripheral Nervous System) |
|---|---|---|
| Components | Brain and spinal cord | Nerves and ganglia |
| Location | Inside vertebral column and skull | Throughout the body |
| Function | Integration and processing | Transmission of signals |
| Nerve Cell Types | Neuron cell bodies | Neuron extensions (axons and dendrites) |
| Protection | Protected by bone and meninges | Partially protected by nerve sheaths |
| Regeneration | Nerve tissue regenerates slowly | Nerves regenerate faster |
| Subdivision | No major subdivision | Somatic and autonomic divisions |
Key Points
- CNS is command center processing information; PNS carries signals to and from CNS
- CNS includes brain controlling thoughts and spinal cord controlling reflexes
- PNS has somatic division for voluntary movement and autonomic for organs
- CNS damage often permanent; PNS nerves can often regenerate
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between the CNS and the PNS?
The central nervous system is the brain and the spinal cord, where information is processed and decisions are made. The peripheral nervous system is the network of nerves outside them, carrying signals between the CNS and the rest of the body.
Which parts of the body belong to the peripheral nervous system?
All the nerves branching out from the brain and spinal cord — the cranial nerves and the spinal nerves — together with their associated ganglia. They reach the skin, muscles, and internal organs.
Why is the CNS protected by bone but the PNS is not?
The brain and spinal cord cannot regenerate readily and control everything else, so they are enclosed by the skull and the vertebral column. Peripheral nerves run throughout the body where such rigid protection is impossible, and they have a greater capacity to repair after injury.