Carbon and its Compounds (Class 10 Science)

Carbon is a unique element that forms millions of compounds due to its ability to bond with other atoms, including hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. Understa

Carbon and its Compounds (Class 10 Science)

Carbon is a unique element that forms millions of compounds due to its ability to bond with other atoms, including hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. Understa

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TL;DR: Carbon is a unique element that forms millions of compounds due to its ability to bond with other atoms, including hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. Und…

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Carbon is a unique element that forms millions of compounds due to its ability to bond with other atoms, including hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. Understa

Carbon and its Compounds MCQs with Answers & Explanations

Q1. The simplest organic compound is:

  1. Ethene
  2. Ethyne
  3. Methane ✓ (correct)
  4. Ethane

Explanation: Methane (CH4) is the simplest organic compound, consisting of one carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms.

Q2. How many covalent bonds can a carbon atom form?

  1. 1
  2. 2
  3. 3
  4. 4 ✓ (correct)

Explanation: Carbon can form four covalent bonds due to its electronic configuration, making it very versatile in forming compounds.

Q3. Which of the following is a saturated hydrocarbon?

  1. Ethane ✓ (correct)
  2. Ethene
  3. Ethyne
  4. Benzene

Explanation: Ethane (C2H6) is a saturated hydrocarbon containing only single bonds, while ethene and ethyne contain double and triple bonds.

Q4. The general formula for alkanes is:

  1. CnH2n
  2. CnH2n+2 ✓ (correct)
  3. CnH2n-2
  4. CnHn

Explanation: Alkanes follow the general formula CnH2n+2, where n is the number of carbon atoms.

Q5. Which of the following is an ester?

  1. Ethyl alcohol
  2. Acetic acid
  3. Ethyl acetate ✓ (correct)
  4. Acetone

Explanation: Ethyl acetate is an ester formed from the reaction between acetic acid and ethanol.

Q6. The process of burning hydrocarbons to produce carbon dioxide and water is called:

  1. Dehydration
  2. Oxidation
  3. Hydrogenation
  4. Combustion ✓ (correct)

Explanation: Combustion is the reaction of hydrocarbons with oxygen to produce CO2 and H2O, releasing energy as heat and light.

Q7. Which functional group is present in alcohols?

  1. -OH ✓ (correct)
  2. -CHO
  3. -CO
  4. -COOH

Explanation: Alcohols contain the hydroxyl functional group (-OH) attached to a carbon atom.

Q8. Denaturation of proteins occurs due to:

  1. Decrease in light
  2. Change in pH and temperature ✓ (correct)
  3. Increase in pH only
  4. Increase in temperature only

Explanation: Proteins denature when exposed to extreme pH or high temperatures, causing loss of their three-dimensional structure.

Q9. The chemical formula of benzene is:

  1. C7H8
  2. C8H10
  3. C6H6 ✓ (correct)
  4. C5H10

Explanation: Benzene has the molecular formula C6H6 and contains a six-membered ring with alternating double bonds.

Q10. Which of the following is a reducing sugar?

  1. Sucrose
  2. Glucose
  3. Lactose
  4. Both glucose and lactose ✓ (correct)

Explanation: Both glucose (monosaccharide) and lactose (disaccharide) are reducing sugars that can reduce Fehling's reagent.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is carbon called the backbone of all organic compounds?

Carbon can form four covalent bonds and chains with itself, making it the foundation of almost all organic molecules.

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons?

Saturated hydrocarbons contain only single bonds, while unsaturated hydrocarbons contain double or triple bonds between carbon atoms.

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