Coordination — Telangana (SSC) Class 10 Science Solutions (Free)

The nervous system is a network of nerves and neurons that transmits signals between the brain, spinal cord and all parts of the body. - Main function: receives stimuli from the environment, processes information, and sends responses to muscles and glands. - Coordinates body activities and maintains homeostasis.

A reflex arc is the pathway followed by a nerve impulse during a reflex action. - Pathway: Receptor → Sensory neuron → Spinal cord → Motor neuron → Effector (muscle/gland) - Example: withdrawing hand from hot object happens without brain involvement, making it rapid and automatic.

Sympathetic nervous system: - Activates fight-or-flight response - Increases heart rate, dilates pupils, inhibits digestion Parasympathetic nervous system: - Activates rest-and-digest response - Decreases heart rate, constricts pupils, promotes digestion

Hormones are chemical messengers produced by endocrine glands that regulate body processes. - Insulin: controls blood glucose levels - Adrenaline: increases heart rate during stress - Thyroxine: controls metabolism and growth

A neuron has three parts: - Dendrite: receives signals from other neurons - Cell body: contains nucleus, processes information - Axon: transmits signals to next neuron or effector Function: transmits electrical and chemical signals throughout the nervous system.