Coordination — Telangana (SSC) Class 10 Science Solutions (Free)
Free step-by-step Telangana (SSC) Class 10 Science solutions for "Coordination" — important questions with detailed answers, download PDF for board exam preparation.
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TL;DR: Free step-by-step Telangana (SSC) Class 10 Science solutions for "Coordination" — important questions with detailed answers, download PDF for board ex…
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Coordination — Textbook Questions Answered (7)
Q1: Define the nervous system and its main function.
The nervous system is a network of nerves and neurons that transmits signals between the brain, spinal cord and all parts of the body.
- Main function: receives stimuli from the environment, processes information, and sends responses to muscles and glands.
- Coordinates body activities and maintains homeostasis.
Q2: What is a reflex arc? Draw its pathway.
A reflex arc is the pathway followed by a nerve impulse during a reflex action.
- Pathway: Receptor → Sensory neuron → Spinal cord → Motor neuron → Effector (muscle/gland)
- Example: withdrawing hand from hot object happens without brain involvement, making it rapid and automatic.
Q3: Distinguish between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
Sympathetic nervous system:
- Activates fight-or-flight response
- Increases heart rate, dilates pupils, inhibits digestion
Parasympathetic nervous system:
- Activates rest-and-digest response
- Decreases heart rate, constricts pupils, promotes digestion
Q4: What are hormones? Name three hormones and their functions.
Hormones are chemical messengers produced by endocrine glands that regulate body processes.
- Insulin: controls blood glucose levels
- Adrenaline: increases heart rate during stress
- Thyroxine: controls metabolism and growth
Q5: Explain the structure and function of a neuron.
A neuron has three parts:
- Dendrite: receives signals from other neurons
- Cell body: contains nucleus, processes information
- Axon: transmits signals to next neuron or effector
Function: transmits electrical and chemical signals throughout the nervous system.
Q6: What is the role of the pituitary gland?
The pituitary gland is called the master gland because it controls other endocrine glands.
- Produces hormones like growth hormone (GH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
- Regulated by the hypothalamus through releasing hormones
Q7: How do the nervous and endocrine systems work together to maintain homeostasis?
Nervous system provides rapid, short-term responses through electrical signals.
Endocrine system provides slower, long-term regulation through hormones.
- Example: blood glucose control involves both pancreatic hormones (insulin/glucagon) and sympathetic nervous activation.
- Together they maintain stable internal conditions despite external changes.
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