The Delhi Sultanate (1206–1526) — Interactive Timeline
Five dynasties that ruled north India from Delhi for over three centuries, before the Mughals arrived.
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TL;DR: Five dynasties that ruled north India from Delhi for over three centuries, before the Mughals arrived.
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The Delhi Sultanate (1206–1526) (Class 7–12): Five dynasties that ruled north India from Delhi for over three centuries, before the Mughals arrived. This interactive timeline covers 8 key events from 1206 – 1526.
Why it matters: The order of the five dynasties and rulers like Alauddin Khalji and Muhammad bin Tughlaq are standard medieval-history questions.
The Delhi Sultanate (1206–1526) — Timeline of Key Events
| Year | Event |
|---|---|
| 1206 | Slave (Mamluk) Dynasty begins. Qutb-ud-din Aibak, a former slave of Muhammad Ghori, founded the Delhi Sultanate and began building the Qutb Minar. |
| 1236 | Razia Sultana. Daughter of Iltutmish, Razia became the first and only woman to rule the Delhi Sultanate — an able ruler, though opposed by nobles. |
| 1290 | Khalji Dynasty. Jalal-ud-din Khalji founded the dynasty. Alauddin Khalji (from 1296) expanded into the Deccan and introduced market-price controls and a strong army. |
| 1320 | Tughlaq Dynasty. Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq founded the dynasty. Muhammad bin Tughlaq is remembered for his ambitious but failed schemes — shifting the capital to Daulatabad and token currency. |
| 1398 | Timur’s invasion. Timur (Tamerlane) invaded India and sacked Delhi, leaving the Sultanate badly weakened. |
| 1414 | Sayyid Dynasty. The Sayyids ruled a much-reduced Sultanate for a few decades amid decline and instability. |
| 1451 | Lodi Dynasty. The Afghan Lodis were the last dynasty. Sikandar Lodi founded Agra; the dynasty’s rule ended in defeat at Panipat. |
| 1526 | End at Panipat. Ibrahim Lodi was defeated and killed by Babur at the First Battle of Panipat, ending the Sultanate and beginning the Mughal Empire. |
Quick Recap — Dates to Remember
- 1206: Slave (Mamluk) Dynasty begins
- 1236: Razia Sultana
- 1290: Khalji Dynasty
- 1320: Tughlaq Dynasty
- 1398: Timur’s invasion
- 1414: Sayyid Dynasty
- 1451: Lodi Dynasty
- 1526: End at Panipat
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