Control and Coordination — Class 10 Biology NCERT Solutions (Free)
Free step-by-step NCERT solutions for Class 10 Biology chapter "Control and Coordination" — 9 important questions with detailed answers for CBSE board exam preparation.
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TL;DR: Free step-by-step NCERT solutions for Class 10 Biology chapter "Control and Coordination" — 9 important questions with detailed answers for CBSE board…
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Key Questions Covered:
- Define reflex action. Draw a labeled diagram of a reflex arc and explain how …
- What is the structure and function of a neuron? How do neurons transmit signals?
- Compare the nervous system and endocrine system. How do they coordinate body …
- What are plant hormones (phytohormones)? Name the major ones and their functi…
- What is tropism? Explain phototropism and geotropism with examples.
- What is the human nervous system? Describe its divisions and functions.
- + 3 more questions in the full chapter
Solutions Summary:
| Question | Status |
|---|---|
| Define reflex action. Draw a labeled diagram of a reflex … | ✓ Solved |
| What is the structure and function of a neuron? How do ne… | ✓ Solved |
| Compare the nervous system and endocrine system. How do t… | ✓ Solved |
| What are plant hormones (phytohormones)? Name the major o… | ✓ Solved |
| What is tropism? Explain phototropism and geotropism with… | ✓ Solved |
| What is the human nervous system? Describe its divisions … | ✓ Solved |
Showing 6 of 9 questions
Q1: Define reflex action. Draw a labeled diagram of a reflex arc and explain how it works.
Reflex action is a quick, involuntary response to a stimulus that does not involve the brain. It happens automatically without conscious thought.
Reflex arc components (in order of response):
1. Receptor (e.g., sensory nerve ending in skin) - detects stimulus
2. Sensory neuron (afferent neuron) - carries signal to spinal cord
3. Spinal cord - contains relay neuron connecting sensory to motor neuron
4. Motor neuron (efferent neuron) - carries signal from spinal cord to muscle
5. Effector (muscle...
Q2: What is the structure and function of a neuron? How do neurons transmit signals?
Structure of a neuron (nerve cell):
1. Dendrites - short branching extensions that receive signals from other neurons
2. Cell body (soma) - contains nucleus; integrates signals
3. Axon - long extension that transmits signals away from cell body
4. Axon terminals - branches at end of axon that form synapses with other neurons
Function: Neurons transmit electrical and chemical signals throughout body for communication and coordination.
Signal transmission:
1. Resting potential - neuron at rest h...
Q3: Compare the nervous system and endocrine system. How do they coordinate body functions?
Nervous system:
- Uses electrical signals (action potentials)
- Transmission through neurons
- Very fast (milliseconds)
- Effects are localized and short-term
- Composed of brain, spinal cord, and nerves
- Divisions: Central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and Peripheral nervous system (somatic and autonomic nerves)
Endocrine system:
- Uses chemical signals (hormones)
- Transmission through blood
- Slower (seconds to hours)
- Effects are widespread and long-term
- Composed of glands (pit...
Q4: What are plant hormones (phytohormones)? Name the major ones and their functions.
Plant hormones (phytohormones) are chemical messengers produced in small amounts that regulate plant growth and development.
Major plant hormones and functions:
1. Auxins (e.g., Indole Acetic Acid):
- Promote cell elongation (growth)
- Promote root development
- Cause phototropism (bending towards light)
- Cause geotropism (roots grow downward, shoots upward)
- Inhibit abscission (dropping of leaves)
2. Gibberellins:
- Promote stem elongation
- Break seed dormancy
- Pr...
Q5: What is tropism? Explain phototropism and geotropism with examples.
Tropism is the directional growth movement of a plant in response to an external stimulus. The plant grows towards or away from the stimulus.
Phototropism (response to light):
- Definition: Growth movement in response to light direction
- Mechanism: Auxin hormone accumulates on shaded side of stem
- Result: Shaded side grows more, causing stem to bend towards light
- Adaptive value: Maximizes light exposure for photosynthesis
- Examples: Sunflower tracking the sun, seedlings bending towards win...
Q6: What is the human nervous system? Describe its divisions and functions.
The human nervous system is the body's communication and control system. It detects stimuli and coordinates appropriate responses.
Divisions of nervous system:
1. Central Nervous System (CNS):
a) Brain - controls all functions, processes information
- Cerebrum: conscious thought, sensation, voluntary movement
- Cerebellum: balance and coordination
- Medulla: involuntary functions (breathing, heartbeat)
b) Spinal cord - relay between brain and body; controls reflex arcs
...
Showing 6 of 9 questions. Visit the full page for complete solutions.