What is Federalism? Definition, Meaning & Example
A system of government in which power is divided between a central government and state or regional governments.
TL;DR: A system of government in which power is divided between a central government and state or regional governments.
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Federalism: A system of government in which power is divided between a central government and state or regional governments.
Explanation
In a federal system, both the central government and state governments have separate powers and responsibilities defined by the constitution. India is a federal nation where power is divided between the Union government and state governments. The Indian Constitution lists three lists of subjects: Union List (central government), State List (state governments), and Concurrent List (both). Federalism protects regional interests while maintaining national unity. It prevents concentration of power in one place and allows states to govern according to local needs while following national policies. This system enables large, diverse nations to function democratically.
Example
In India, the central government controls defense and foreign policy, state governments control education and police within their states, and both share responsibility for matters in the Concurrent List.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why is federalism important?
Federalism distributes power to prevent concentration, respects regional diversity, and allows local governance while maintaining national unity.
How does federalism protect minority groups?
States can protect regional and cultural minorities by making policies suited to their local population under their constitutional powers.
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