What is Base? Definition, Meaning & Example
A substance that contains hydroxide ions and turns red litmus paper blue, with pH greater than 7.
TL;DR: A substance that contains hydroxide ions and turns red litmus paper blue, with pH greater than 7.
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Base: A substance that contains hydroxide ions and turns red litmus paper blue, with pH greater than 7.
Explanation
Bases are compounds that release hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water or accept hydrogen ions. Common bases include sodium hydroxide in caustic soda, ammonia in cleaning products, and lime in construction. Strong bases like sodium hydroxide completely dissociate and can be corrosive, while weak bases like ammonia partially dissociate. Bases feel slippery and have a bitter taste. Bases react with acids in neutralization reactions to produce salts and water. Understanding acids and bases is essential for chemistry, as they participate in countless reactions.
Example
Baking soda is a mild base. When you add it to red litmus paper, it turns blue, confirming the presence of a base.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between bases and alkalis?
Bases are compounds that accept hydrogen ions; alkalis are soluble bases that dissolve in water and release hydroxide ions.
Why do bases feel slippery?
Bases interact with the oils and proteins in your skin, breaking them down and creating a slippery sensation.
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