What is Atom? Definition, Meaning & Example
The smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element.
TL;DR: The smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element.
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Atom: The smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element.
Explanation
An atom consists of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons in electron shells. The number of protons determines which element the atom is; atoms of the same element always have the same number of protons. Atoms of different elements have different numbers of protons. Electrons, which are negatively charged, balance the positive charge of protons in a neutral atom. Understanding atomic structure is crucial for explaining chemical bonding, reactions, and the properties of matter. In Indian chemistry education, the atom is the foundation for understanding all matter.
Example
A carbon atom has 6 protons in its nucleus and 6 electrons orbiting around it. Any atom with 6 protons is carbon, whether it has 6, 7, or 8 neutrons.
Frequently Asked Questions
How many types of particles are in an atom?
Three: protons in the nucleus are positively charged, neutrons in the nucleus have no charge, and electrons orbit the nucleus with negative charge.
What determines the identity of an atom?
The number of protons in an atom determines what element it is. All carbon atoms have 6 protons, all oxygen atoms have 8 protons, and so on.
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