Thermodynamics — Class 11 Chemistry NCERT Solutions (Free)
Free step-by-step NCERT solutions for Class 11 Chemistry chapter "Thermodynamics" — 4 important questions with detailed answers for CBSE board exam preparation.
TL;DR: Free step-by-step NCERT solutions for Class 11 Chemistry chapter "Thermodynamics" — 4 important questions with detailed answers for CBSE board exam pr…
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Key Questions Covered:
- Define system, surroundings, and universe in thermodynamics. Explain the type…
- State the first law of thermodynamics. Explain its significance and applicati…
- Define enthalpy (H) and explain the difference between ΔU and ΔH. When is ΔH …
- + 1 more questions in the full chapter
Solutions Summary:
| Question | Status |
|---|---|
| Define system, surroundings, and universe in thermodynami… | ✓ Solved |
| State the first law of thermodynamics. Explain its signif… | ✓ Solved |
| Define enthalpy (H) and explain the difference between ΔU… | ✓ Solved |
Showing 3 of 4 questions
Q1: Define system, surroundings, and universe in thermodynamics. Explain the types of thermodynamic systems with examples.
Basic Thermodynamic Concepts:
System:
Definition: The part of the universe that we focus on or study.
Examples:
→ A beaker containing water and salt dissolving
→ A reaction vessel in a laboratory
→ A battery
→ A combustion engine
Surroundings:
Definition: Everything else in the universe except the...
Q2: State the first law of thermodynamics. Explain its significance and application with a numerical example.
First Law of Thermodynamics Statement:
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed; it can only be converted from one form to another.
Alternative Statement:
The increase in internal energy of a system equals the heat added to the system minus the work done by the system.
Mathematical Expression:
...
Q3: Define enthalpy (H) and explain the difference between ΔU and ΔH. When is ΔH = ΔU?
Enthalpy Definition:
Enthalpy (H) is the total heat content of a system at constant pressure. It is a thermodynamic property that combines internal energy and the pressure-volume work.
Mathematical Definition:
H = U + PV
Where:
H = Enthalpy (J or kJ)
U = Internal energy (J or kJ)
P = Pressure (Pa ...
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