How Do Organisms Reproduce — Class 10 Biology NCERT Solutions (Free)
Free step-by-step NCERT solutions for Class 10 Biology chapter "How Do Organisms Reproduce" — 8 important questions with detailed answers for CBSE board exam preparation.
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TL;DR: Free step-by-step NCERT solutions for Class 10 Biology chapter "How Do Organisms Reproduce" — 8 important questions with detailed answers for CBSE boa…
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Key Questions Covered:
- Define reproduction. Distinguish between asexual and sexual reproduction.
- Describe the different modes of asexual reproduction in animals and plants wi…
- What is a flower? Describe the structure of a flower and name the male and fe…
- Explain pollination and fertilization in flowering plants. What is the differ…
- Describe the structure and function of the human male reproductive system.
- Describe the structure and function of the human female reproductive system.
- + 2 more questions in the full chapter
Solutions Summary:
| Question | Status |
|---|---|
| Define reproduction. Distinguish between asexual and sexu… | ✓ Solved |
| Describe the different modes of asexual reproduction in a… | ✓ Solved |
| What is a flower? Describe the structure of a flower and … | ✓ Solved |
| Explain pollination and fertilization in flowering plants… | ✓ Solved |
| Describe the structure and function of the human male rep… | ✓ Solved |
| Describe the structure and function of the human female r… | ✓ Solved |
Showing 6 of 8 questions
Q1: Define reproduction. Distinguish between asexual and sexual reproduction.
Reproduction is the biological process by which organisms produce new individuals of the same species.
Asexual reproduction:
- Involves only one parent
- No fusion of gametes
- Offspring genetically identical to parent (clones)
- Produces large number of offspring quickly
- No variation (genetic diversity low)
- Examples: bacteria fission, budding in hydra, fragmentation in starfish, vegetative reproduction in plants
- Advantages: rapid population growth, requires less energy, no mate needed
- ...
Q2: Describe the different modes of asexual reproduction in animals and plants with examples.
Asexual reproduction modes:
In animals:
1. Binary fission:
- One organism divides into two
- Example: bacteria, some protozoans
- Process: DNA replication, then cell division
2. Budding:
- New organism grows as outgrowth from parent
- Bud detaches and becomes independent
- Example: hydra, yeast
3. Fragmentation:
- Organism breaks into fragments
- Each fragment grows into new organism
- Example: starfish, planaria (flatworm)
4. Regeneration:
- Lost body parts re...
Q3: What is a flower? Describe the structure of a flower and name the male and female reproductive parts.
A flower is the reproductive structure of flowering plants (angiosperms).
Structure of a flower:
Accessory parts (not directly involved in reproduction):
1. Sepals - green leaf-like structures that protect flower bud
- Collectively called calyx
2. Petals - colorful structures that attract pollinators
- Collectively called corolla
Essential reproductive parts:
Male reproductive part - Stamen (androecium):
1. Filament - thin stalk supporting anther
2. Anther - produces and contains polle...
Q4: Explain pollination and fertilization in flowering plants. What is the difference between them?
Pollination:
- Definition: Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma
- Process:
1. Pollen grain lands on stigma (or falls on stigma)
2. Pollen grain sticks to stigma surface
- Type: mechanical process only, no fusion of cells yet
- Agents: wind, insects, water, gravity
- Wind pollination: usually small, dry pollen; flowers lack bright petals or scent
- Insect pollination: bright petals, sweet scent, nectar to attract insects
- Result after pollination: Pollen tube grows down through style...
Q5: Describe the structure and function of the human male reproductive system.
Male reproductive system structures and functions:
External structures:
1. Penis - delivers sperm into female; contains urethra
2. Scrotum - pouch of skin containing testes; maintains low temperature for sperm production
Internal structures:
1. Testes (gonads):
- Pair of oval glands in scrotum
- Function: Produce sperm through spermatogenesis
- Also produce testosterone hormone
- About 300 million sperm produced daily
2. Epididymis:
- Coiled tube above each testis
- Stores ...
Q6: Describe the structure and function of the human female reproductive system.
Female reproductive system structures and functions:
External structures (vulva):
1. Labia majora - outer folds of skin
2. Labia minora - inner folds
3. Clitoris - sensitive structure
4. Vaginal opening - entrance to vagina
Internal structures:
1. Vagina:
- Muscular canal receiving penis during intercourse
- Receives sperm
- Elastic walls, acidic pH protects against infection
2. Cervix:
- Narrow opening of uterus into vagina
- Produces mucus; thicker during infertile days
3. ...
Showing 6 of 8 questions. Visit the full page for complete solutions.