Acids and Bases (Case Study) (10 Science)
Real-world scenarios involving pH, neutralization, and industrial acid-base reactions. Students apply concepts to agriculture, medicine, and household chem
TL;DR: Real-world scenarios involving pH, neutralization, and industrial acid-base reactions. Students apply concepts to agriculture, medicine, and household…
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Real-world scenarios involving pH, neutralization, and industrial acid-base reactions. Students apply concepts to agriculture, medicine, and household chem
Acids and Bases (Case Study) MCQs with Answers & Explanations
Q1. A farmer has acidic soil (pH 5) and needs to raise it to neutral (pH 7) for optimal crop growth. Which substance should be added?
- Hydrochloric acid
- Lime (CaCO3) or caustic soda ✓ (correct)
- Ammonium nitrate
- Sulfuric acid
Q2. A person suffers from heartburn due to excess HCl in the stomach. Which type of medicine would relieve the symptoms?
- Antibiotic
- Antacid (e.g., MgO or Al(OH)3) ✓ (correct)
- Laxative
- Diuretic
Q3. In the neutralization reaction HCl + NaOH -> NaCl + H2O, what is the molar ratio when 100 mL of 1 M HCl reacts with NaOH solution?
- 1:1, requiring 100 mL of 1 M NaOH ✓ (correct)
- 1:2, requiring 200 mL of 1 M NaOH
- 2:1, requiring 50 mL of 1 M NaOH
- Cannot determine without knowing concentration
Q4. A solution has a pH of 3. What is the concentration of H+ ions and is the solution acidic or basic?
- 10^-3 M, acidic ✓ (correct)
- 10^-7 M, neutral
- 10^-11 M, basic
- 10^-3 M, basic
Q5. A student tests a colorless solution with universal indicator paper and observes a blue color. What can be concluded?
- pH is between 1-6, acidic
- pH is between 7-8, weakly basic
- pH is between 8-14, basic ✓ (correct)
- pH is exactly 7, neutral
Q6. Milk of magnesia (Mg(OH)2) is a weak base used as an antacid and laxative. Why is it considered weak?
- It has low density
- It only partially dissolves in water and partially ionizes ✓ (correct)
- It cannot neutralize acids
- It has a low molecular weight
Q7. In a lab, 50 mL of 2 M H2SO4 is diluted with water to 500 mL. What is the molarity of the diluted solution?
- 0.2 M
- 0.5 M ✓ (correct)
- 1 M
- 2 M
Q8. Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) solution is basic even though it contains no OH- ions directly. Why?
- Sodium ions make it basic
- Carbonate ions hydrolyze to form OH- ions ✓ (correct)
- Water molecules dissociate more in salt solutions
- Carbon dioxide escapes, leaving a basic residue
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between strong and weak acids?
Strong acids (e.g., HCl, H2SO4) completely ionize in water, releasing all hydrogen ions. Weak acids (e.g., acetic acid, citric acid) only partially ionize, establishing an equilibrium with their undissociated molecules. This means weak acids have fewer H+ ions in solution at the same concentration.
Why does adding salt to pure water not change its pH significantly?
The pH of water at 25°C is 7 because [H+][OH-] = Kw = 10^-14. Adding neutral salt (like NaCl) that does not hydrolyze does not consume or produce H+ or OH- ions, so [H+] and [OH-] remain equal and pH stays at 7. However, salts from weak acids or bases do affect pH through hydrolysis.
More 10 Science MCQs
- Light Reflection and Refraction
- Electricity
- Acids Bases and Salts
- Life Processes
- Carbon and its Compounds
- Metals and Non-metals
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