Nutrition — Telangana (SSC) Class 10 Science Solutions (Free)
Free step-by-step Telangana (SSC) Class 10 Science solutions for "Nutrition" — important questions with detailed answers, download PDF for board exam preparation.
TL;DR: Free step-by-step Telangana (SSC) Class 10 Science solutions for "Nutrition" — important questions with detailed answers, download PDF for board exam…
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Q1: Define nutrition and classify nutrients. Explain difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs.
Nutrition: Process of intake and utilization of food for energy, growth, and maintenance.
Classification of nutrients:
1. Carbohydrates (glucose, starch) - energy source
2. Proteins (amino acids) - growth, enzymes, antibodies
3. Lipids/Fats - energy storage, insulation
4. Vitamins - regulating metabolic processes
5. Minerals - building bones, enzymes
6. Water - solvent, temperature regulation
7. Fiber - digestion aid
Autotrophs vs Heterotrophs:
Autotrophs: Produce their own food (plants, algae…
Q2: Explain the process of photosynthesis. Write the balanced equation and mention two raw materials and two products.
Photosynthesis: Process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy (glucose) using CO₂ and water.
Balanced equation:
6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ (in presence of chlorophyll and sunlight)
Raw materials (inputs):
1. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) - from air, enters through stomata
2. Water (H₂O) - from soil, absorbed by roots
3. Sunlight - energy source
Products (outputs):
1. Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) - organic food, stored in plant
2. Oxygen (O₂) - released during light reactions, used by plants …
Q3: List the significance of photosynthesis in nature and for living organisms.
Significance of photosynthesis:
For plants:
1. Produces glucose → energy for growth, maintenance, reproduction
2. Produces oxygen as byproduct
3. Stores solar energy in chemical bonds (sustainable energy source)
4. Basis of all plant tissues and biomass
For animals and ecosystems:
1. Produces oxygen → essential for respiration of all aerobic organisms
2. Produces food (glucose) → primary energy source for food chains
3. Creates biodiversity: plants → herbivores → carnivores
4. Food chains depe…
Q4: Explain heterotrophic nutrition in animals. Describe the human digestive system with main organs.
Heterotrophic nutrition: Organisms cannot synthesize food; must consume organic matter from plants/animals.
Human digestive system organs and functions:
1. Mouth: Mechanical digestion (teeth chew); chemical digestion (saliva contains amylase → breaks starch)
2. Esophagus: Transports food via peristalsis
3. Stomach: Secretes HCl + pepsin → breaks proteins into peptides; churns food
4. Small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum): Main site of digestion; bile + pancreatic enzymes; nutrient abso…
Q5: Explain the digestive enzymes involved in carbohydrate, protein, and fat digestion with their action.
Enzymes in digestion:
Carbohydrate digestion:
1. Salivary amylase (saliva) → breaks starch into maltose (mouth)
2. Pancreatic amylase (small intestine) → starch to maltose
3. Maltase (intestinal enzyme) → maltose to glucose
Protein digestion:
1. Pepsin (stomach) + HCl → proteins to peptides
2. Trypsin (pancreas) → peptides to smaller peptides
3. Peptidases (intestinal) → peptides to amino acids
Fat digestion:
1. Bile salts (liver) → emulsify fats into smaller droplets (not enzyme, but importa…
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