Animal Classification — Maharashtra (SSC) Class 10 Science Solutions (Free)
Free step-by-step Maharashtra (SSC) Class 10 Science solutions for "Animal Classification" — important questions with detailed answers, download PDF for board exam preparation.
TL;DR: Free step-by-step Maharashtra (SSC) Class 10 Science solutions for "Animal Classification" — important questions with detailed answers, download PDF f…
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Q1: What is the basis of classification of animals?
Animals are classified based on multiple criteria: (1) Presence or absence of a backbone (vertebrates vs invertebrates). (2) Body structure and symmetry. (3) Type of body cavity (coelom). (4) Reproduction method (sexual vs asexual). (5) Embryonic development stages. (6) Presence of notochord and vertebral column. This hierarchical system helps organize approximately 1.5 million known animal species.
Q2: Classify vertebrates into five major groups with one example each.
Five major vertebrate groups: (1) Fishes (Class Pisces): Salmon - aquatic, gills for respiration, scales, fins. (2) Amphibians: Frog - lives in water and on land, moist skin, gills and lungs. (3) Reptiles: Snake - dry scaly skin, lungs, internal fertilization, lay eggs. (4) Birds: Eagle - feathers, wings, hollow bones, lay eggs, air sacs. (5) Mammals: Lion - hair/fur, mammary glands, four-chambered heart, internal fertilization.
Q3: What are the main characteristics of invertebrates?
Invertebrate characteristics: (1) Lack a backbone or vertebral column. (2) Represent 97% of all animal species. (3) Major phyla include Porifera (sponges), Coelenterata (jellyfish), Platyhelminthes (flatworms), Nematoda (roundworms), Annelida (earthworms), Arthropoda (insects, spiders), and Mollusca (snails, octopus). (4) Habitats range from aquatic to terrestrial environments. (5) Vary greatly in size, structure, and complexity.
Q4: Describe the characteristics of Phylum Arthropoda.
Arthropoda characteristics: (1) Jointed legs (arthro=joint, pod=leg). (2) Exoskeleton made of chitin that is shed periodically. (3) Bilateral body symmetry. (4) Segmented body with specialized regions. (5) Includes insects (6 legs), arachnids (8 legs), crustaceans (10+ legs). (6) Open circulatory system. (7) Complex nervous system with ganglia. (8) Most diverse phylum with over 1 million species.
Q5: How does a fish differ from an amphibian?
Key differences: Fish - (1) Gills for underwater respiration throughout life. (2) Scales and mucus-covered skin. (3) Fins for movement. (4) Fully aquatic habitat. (5) External fertilization in water. Amphibian - (1) Gills in larvae, lungs in adults. (2) Moist skin for gas exchange. (3) Limbs for walking and swimming. (4) Both aquatic and terrestrial habitats. (5) External fertilization in water. Amphibians can survive on land unlike fish.
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