The Human Eye and the Colourful World — Karnataka (SSLC) Class 10 Science Solutions (Free)
Free step-by-step Karnataka (SSLC) Class 10 Science solutions for "The Human Eye and the Colourful World" — important questions with detailed answers, download PDF for board exam preparation.
TL;DR: Free step-by-step Karnataka (SSLC) Class 10 Science solutions for "The Human Eye and the Colourful World" — important questions with detailed answers,…
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Q1: Describe the structure and function of the human eye. What is accommodation?
Eye structure: Cornea (refracts light), lens (adjusts focus), retina (image formation), optic nerve (transmits signals). Accommodation is the ability to change focal length of the lens by adjusting its thickness (ciliary muscles contract/relax) to form clear images at different distances.
Q2: What is myopia (short-sightedness)? How is it corrected?
Myopia is a defect where the eye can see near objects clearly but distant objects appear blurred. Cause: eyeball too long or cornea too curved, image forms in front of retina. Correction: use concave lens (negative power) to diverge light rays, bringing the image back onto retina.
Q3: What is hypermetropia (long-sightedness)? How is it corrected?
Hypermetropia is a defect where distant objects are seen clearly but near objects appear blurred. Cause: eyeball too short or cornea too flat, image forms behind retina. Correction: use convex lens (positive power) to converge light rays, bringing image onto retina for near vision.
Q4: Define dispersion of light. Why does a prism split white light into a spectrum?
Dispersion is the separation of white light into constituent colors (VIBGYOR) based on wavelength differences. In a prism, different colors refract at different angles because refractive index varies with wavelength (violet has higher n than red). Violet deviates most, red least.
Q5: Explain Rayleigh scattering. Why is the sky blue and sunsets red?
Rayleigh scattering: light scattered by particles smaller than wavelength; intensity ∝ 1/λ⁴. Blue light (λ ≈ 450 nm) scatters more than red (λ ≈ 700 nm). Sky blue during day (direct blue scattering). Sunset red because blue is scattered away; only red/orange reaches observer from behind the sun.
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