Cell: Structure and Functions 8 Science — Revision Notes
Cell is the basic unit of life and all living organisms are made of cells. Understanding cell structure and functions is essential for comprehending how li
TL;DR: Cell is the basic unit of life and all living organisms are made of cells. Understanding cell structure and functions is essential for comprehending h…
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Cell is the basic unit of life and all living organisms are made of cells. Understanding cell structure and functions is essential for comprehending how li
Characteristics of Cells
- All living organisms are composed of cells
- Cells arise only from pre-existing cells through cell division
- Cells are smallest unit of life that can perform all functions of living organisms
- Bacteria are unicellular organisms while plants and animals are multicellular
Plant Cell Structure
- Cell wall provides structural support and protection to plant cells
- Cell membrane controls movement of substances in and out of cell
- Nucleus contains genetic material and controls cellular activities
- Chloroplasts present in green cells carry out photosynthesis
Animal Cell Structure
- Cell membrane is outer boundary controlling substance movement
- Nucleus contains DNA and controls cell functions
- Cytoplasm contains organelles like mitochondria and ribosomes
- Lacks cell wall and chloroplasts unlike plant cells
Cell Organelles and Functions
- Mitochondria produce energy through cellular respiration
- Ribosomes are sites of protein synthesis
- Endoplasmic reticulum transports proteins and lipids
- Golgi apparatus modifies and packages proteins for transport
Key Terms
- Cell: Basic unit of life that is smallest living unit of organism
- Nucleus: Membrane-bound organelle containing genetic material (DNA) in eukaryotic cells
- Cytoplasm: Gel-like substance inside cell containing organelles and other components
- Organelle: Specialized structure within cell that performs specific functions
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between plant and animal cells?
Plant cells have cell wall, chloroplasts, and large vacuoles while animal cells lack these. Plant cells are rigid while animal cells are more flexible.
What is the function of mitochondria?
Mitochondria convert nutrients into ATP through cellular respiration, providing energy for cell functions. They are called powerhouse of the cell.
More 8 Science Revision Notes
- Crop Production and Management
- Microorganisms: Friend and Foe
- Reproduction in Animals
- Force and Pressure
- Sound
- Chemical Effects of Electric Current
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