Human Reproduction — Class 12 Biology NCERT Solutions (Free)
Free step-by-step NCERT solutions for Class 12 Biology chapter "Human Reproduction" — 8 important questions with detailed answers for CBSE board exam preparation.
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TL;DR: Free step-by-step NCERT solutions for Class 12 Biology chapter "Human Reproduction" — 8 important questions with detailed answers for CBSE board exam…
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Key Questions Covered:
- Name the parts of male reproductive system and state their functions.
- Draw a labeled diagram of female reproductive system and explain the parts.
- Describe spermatogenesis with the help of a diagram.
- What is oogenesis? Explain the stages of oogenesis.
- Describe the structure and function of sperm with a labeled diagram description.
- Explain the hormonal control of male reproduction.
- + 2 more questions in the full chapter
Solutions Summary:
| Question | Status |
|---|---|
| Name the parts of male reproductive system and state thei… | ✓ Solved |
| Draw a labeled diagram of female reproductive system and … | ✓ Solved |
| Describe spermatogenesis with the help of a diagram. | ✓ Solved |
| What is oogenesis? Explain the stages of oogenesis. | ✓ Solved |
| Describe the structure and function of sperm with a label… | ✓ Solved |
| Explain the hormonal control of male reproduction. | ✓ Solved |
Showing 6 of 8 questions
Q1: Name the parts of male reproductive system and state their functions.
Male reproductive system parts and functions:
1. Testes (two): produce sperms and testosterone hormone in seminiferous tubules
2. Epididymis: stores and matures sperms; site of final sperm development
3. Vas deferens (ductus deferens): muscular tube transporting sperms from epididymis to urethra
4. Seminal vesicles: secrete alkaline fluid rich in fructose providing energy to sperms
5. Prostate gland: secretes slightly acidic fluid with enzymes, helps coagulation of semen
6. Cowper's glands...
Q2: Draw a labeled diagram of female reproductive system and explain the parts.
Female reproductive system structure:
- Ovaries (two): almond-shaped organs producing eggs and hormones (estrogen, progesterone)
- Fallopian tubes (oviducts, two): receive egg from ovary; site of fertilization in ampulla region; transport developing embryo to uterus
- Uterus: pear-shaped muscular organ with three layers:
* Perimetrium: outer serous membrane
* Myometrium: muscular middle layer for contractions
* Endometrium: inner mucosal layer where embryo implants
- Cervix: narrow nec...
Q3: Describe spermatogenesis with the help of a diagram.
Spermatogenesis is formation of functional sperms from spermatogonial stem cells in seminiferous tubules of testes. Duration: 74 days approximately.
Stages:
1. Mitotic proliferation phase: spermatogonium (diploid stem cell) undergoes mitosis producing primary spermatocytes (diploid)
2. Meiotic phase: Primary spermatocyte undergoes first meiotic division producing two secondary spermatocytes (haploid). Secondary spermatocytes undergo second meiotic division producing four spermatids (haploid)
...
Q4: What is oogenesis? Explain the stages of oogenesis.
Oogenesis is formation of functional ovum from oogonial stem cells in ovarian follicles. Begins before birth, completes at fertilization.
Stages:
1. Proliferation phase (before birth): Oogonia (diploid stem cells) undergo mitosis producing primary oocytes
2. Growth phase (from birth to puberty and after): Primary oocytes arrest in prophase I of meiosis I. Accumulate cytoplasm, organelles, and mRNA forming primary follicles
3. Maturation phase I: At puberty, primary oocyte completes meiosis I...
Q5: Describe the structure and function of sperm with a labeled diagram description.
Sperm is highly specialized haploid male gamete adapted for swimming and fertilizing egg.
Structure (approximately 60 micrometers long):
1. Head: Contains haploid nucleus (genetic material) and acrosome (derived from Golgi apparatus, contains enzymes)
2. Middle piece (neck): Contains mitochondria (4-8) arranged in spiral around flagellar base; mitochondria provide ATP energy for movement
3. Tail (flagellum): Long, whip-like structure for motility; contains microtubules (9+2 arrangement); can...
Q6: Explain the hormonal control of male reproduction.
Male reproduction controlled by hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis:
1. Hypothalamus: secretes GnRH (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone) in pulses
2. Anterior pituitary: GnRH stimulates release of:
- FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone): acts on Sertoli cells in testes, promotes spermatogenesis
- LH (Luteinizing Hormone): acts on Leydig cells, stimulates testosterone production
3. Testes:
- Sertoli cells: under FSH stimulation, produce ABP (Androgen-Binding Protein) and anti-Mullerian h...
Showing 6 of 8 questions. Visit the full page for complete solutions.
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