Home › ncert solutions › Class 11 › biology › plant kingdom

Plant Kingdom — Class 11 Biology NCERT Solutions (Free)

Free step-by-step NCERT solutions for Class 11 Biology chapter "Plant Kingdom" — 8 important questions with detailed answers for CBSE board exam preparation.

✓ 100% Free ✓ No Login Needed ✓ NCERT / CBSE Aligned ✓ Download as PDF

TL;DR: Free step-by-step NCERT solutions for Class 11 Biology chapter "Plant Kingdom" — 8 important questions with detailed answers for CBSE board exam prepa…

Written & reviewed by the Syllab.in Academic Team (CBSE/NCERT subject experts) · Updated Jul 23, 2026

🤖 Stuck on any question? Ask Syllab's free AI Tutor for a step-by-step explanation — instant, unlimited, no login.

Key Questions Covered:

  1. Define bryophytes and state two characteristics.
  2. What is alternation of generations? Explain with reference to ferns.
  3. Name five adaptations of seed plants to terrestrial life.
  4. Distinguish between gymnosperms and angiosperms.
  5. What is a sporophyll? How does it differ from a vegetative leaf?
  6. Describe the structure of a typical angiosperm flower with labeled parts.
  7. + 2 more questions in the full chapter

Solutions Summary:

Question Status
Define bryophytes and state two characteristics. ✓ Solved
What is alternation of generations? Explain with referenc… ✓ Solved
Name five adaptations of seed plants to terrestrial life. ✓ Solved
Distinguish between gymnosperms and angiosperms. ✓ Solved
What is a sporophyll? How does it differ from a vegetativ… ✓ Solved
Describe the structure of a typical angiosperm flower wit… ✓ Solved

Showing 6 of 8 questions

Q1: Define bryophytes and state two characteristics.

Bryophytes are small, non-vascular land plants that lack true roots, stems, and leaves. Two characteristics: 1. Absence of vascular tissue (xylem and phloem); water and nutrients absorbed and transported by diffusion. 2. Require moist environments for reproduction; possess flagellated sperms requiring water to swim to egg.

Q2: What is alternation of generations? Explain with reference to ferns.

Alternation of generations is the occurrence of two distinct multicellular forms in the life cycle of an organism: a diploid sporophyte and a haploid gametophyte, each reproducing by different methods. In ferns: - Sporophyte (diploid, 2n): The large visible fern plant with roots, stems, and fronds. Produces spores through meiosis in sporangia (located on underside of fronds). - Gametophyte (haploid, n): The prothallus, a small, heart-shaped green structure. Produces gametes (sperm and egg) thro...

Q3: Name five adaptations of seed plants to terrestrial life.

Five adaptations of seed plants to terrestrial life: 1. Vascular tissue (xylem and phloem): Allows transport of water, minerals, and nutrients throughout the plant, reducing dependence on external water. 2. Roots: Anchor plant and absorb water and minerals from soil. 3. Waxy cuticle: Reduces water loss through evaporation from leaves. 4. Stomata with guard cells: Regulate gas exchange and water loss. 5. Seeds with protective coat and stored food: Ensure embryo survival in dry conditions and enab...

Q4: Distinguish between gymnosperms and angiosperms.

Gymnosperms: - Naked seeds not enclosed in a fruit. - No flowers; reproductive structures are cones. - Ovule not enclosed in an ovary. - Xylem lacks vessels; contains only tracheids. - Examples: Pines, cedars, spruces. Angiosperms: - Seeds enclosed within a fruit. - Flowers present; reproductive structures specialized for pollination. - Ovule enclosed in an ovary (pistil). - Xylem contains both vessels and tracheids. - Double fertilization produces endosperm. - Examples: Roses, wheat, beans.

Q5: What is a sporophyll? How does it differ from a vegetative leaf?

A sporophyll is a modified leaf that bears sporangia (structures containing spores). It is specialized for reproduction. Differences from vegetative leaf: 1. Vegetative leaves perform photosynthesis and gas exchange; sporophylls are primarily reproductive in function. 2. Sporophylls bear sporangia on their surface or margins; vegetative leaves do not. 3. Sporophylls may show reduced blade size and different morphology adapted for spore protection and dispersal. 4. In ferns, sporophylls often ap...

Q6: Describe the structure of a typical angiosperm flower with labeled parts.

A typical angiosperm flower structure: 1. Receptacle: Enlarged tip of floral stalk bearing all flower parts. 2. Sepals (calyx): Leaf-like protective structures, usually green, arranged in a whorl below petals. 3. Petals (corolla): Colorful structures attracting pollinators, arranged in a whorl. 4. Stamens (androecium): Male reproductive organs; each consisting of a filament (stalk) and anther (pollen-producing structure). 5. Carpel/Pistil (gynoecium): Female reproductive organ; consists of stig...

Showing 6 of 8 questions. Visit the full page for complete solutions.

← Previous: Animal Kingdom Next: Morphology of Flowering Plants →

More Class 11 Biology NCERT Solutions

  • Animal Kingdom — Class 11 Biology NCERT Solutions
  • Morphology of Flowering Plants — Class 11 Biology NCERT Solutions
  • Anatomy of Flowering Plants — Class 11 Biology NCERT Solutions
  • Cell the Unit of Life — Class 11 Biology NCERT Solutions
  • Biomolecules — Class 11 Biology NCERT Solutions
  • Cell Cycle and Cell Division — Class 11 Biology NCERT Solutions
  • Photosynthesis in Higher Plants — Class 11 Biology NCERT Solutions
  • Respiration in Plants — Class 11 Biology NCERT Solutions
  • Breathing and Exchange of Gases — Class 11 Biology NCERT Solutions
  • Body Fluids and Circulation — Class 11 Biology NCERT Solutions
  • Excretory Products and Their Elimination — Class 11 Biology NCERT Solutions
  • Neural Control and Coordination — Class 11 Biology NCERT Solutions
  • Chemical Coordination and Integration — Class 11 Biology NCERT Solutions

Explore:

  • Syllabus
  • Practice
  • Mock Tests
  • NCERT Solutions
  • Coding
  • GK Quiz
  • Career Predictor
  • AI Tutor
  • Live Quiz
  • Doubt Solver
  • Microlearning
  • Free Alternatives
  • Kids Zone
  • Study Room
  • Calculators
  • Worksheets

Syllab.in — Free learning for Indian students, Class 1–12