Sectors of the Indian Economy — Class 10 Social Science NCERT Solutions (Free)

Free step-by-step NCERT solutions for Class 10 Social Science chapter "Sectors of the Indian Economy" — 6 important questions with detailed answers for CBSE board exam preparation.

TL;DR: Free step-by-step NCERT solutions for Class 10 Social Science chapter "Sectors of the Indian Economy" — 6 important questions with detailed answers fo…

By Syllab.in · Updated Jun 17, 2026

Key Questions Covered:

What are the three sectors of an economy and what does each include?
How has the contribution of each sector to India's GDP changed over time?
What is the informal sector and what is its significance in India?
Why has India's service sector grown rapidly?
What challenges face India's agricultural sector?
What measures are needed to ensure balanced sectoral development in India?

Solutions Summary:

Question	Status
What are the three sectors of an economy and what does ea…	✓ Solved
How has the contribution of each sector to India's GDP ch…	✓ Solved
What is the informal sector and what is its significance …	✓ Solved
Why has India's service sector grown rapidly?	✓ Solved
What challenges face India's agricultural sector?	✓ Solved
What measures are needed to ensure balanced sectoral deve…	✓ Solved

Showing 6 of 6 questions

Q1: What are the three sectors of an economy and what does each include?

The three sectors are: (1) Primary Sector: Agriculture, forestry, mining, and fishing—extracting raw materials from nature, (2) Secondary Sector: Manufacturing and construction—converting raw materials into finished goods, (3) Tertiary Sector: Services including commerce, transport, healthcare, education, entertainment, and government services. Each sector contributes differently to GDP and employment.

Q2: How has the contribution of each sector to India's GDP changed over time?

Historically, the primary sector dominated India's economy. With industrialization, the secondary sector grew. Today, the tertiary (service) sector contributes the largest share to GDP (over 50%), followed by the secondary sector. The primary sector's contribution has declined but still employs a large rural population. This shift reflects India's transition from agricultural to service-based economy.

Q3: What is the informal sector and what is its significance in India?

The informal sector includes unregulated, non-unionized activities like street vending, small workshops, and domestic help. It employs a large portion of India's workforce, especially in rural and urban poor areas. Though often low-wage and lacking benefits, the informal sector provides livelihoods. It's economically significant but faces regulation challenges and worker exploitation issues.

Q4: Why has India's service sector grown rapidly?

India's service sector has grown due to: (1) IT revolution creating demand for software and IT services, (2) BPO industry growth, (3) Globalization opening services to international markets, (4) Rising incomes increasing demand for services, (5) Government services expansion, (6) Tourism development. India has become a global leader in services, particularly IT and business services.

Q5: What challenges face India's agricultural sector?

Challenges include: (1) Pressure from rural-urban migration reducing agricultural workforce, (2) Climate change and water scarcity, (3) Low profitability causing farmer suicides, (4) Land degradation and soil depletion, (5) Poor market access and storage facilities, (6) Competition from imports. Despite mechanization and modernization, agriculture remains a challenged sector.

Q6: What measures are needed to ensure balanced sectoral development in India?

Measures include: (1) Supporting primary sector through investment in irrigation and technology, (2) Promoting manufacturing for job creation, (3) Ensuring service sector benefits all classes, (4) Integrating informal sector workers into formal economy, (5) Supporting agricultural processing industries, (6) Developing rural infrastructure, (7) Skill development and education for employment.

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