To Verify Archimedes Principle (Class 10 Physics Practical)
To demonstrate and verify Archimedes principle stating that buoyant force equals weight of fluid displaced
TL;DR: To demonstrate and verify Archimedes principle stating that buoyant force equals weight of fluid displaced
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Aim: To demonstrate and verify Archimedes principle stating that buoyant force equals weight of fluid displaced
Materials Required
- Overflow can
- Measuring cylinder
- Spring balance
- Beaker
- Water
- Objects of different densities
- String
- Stand and clamp
Theory
Archimedes principle states that buoyant force on object immersed in fluid equals weight of fluid displaced. When object is immersed, volume of fluid displaced equals volume of object submerged. This principle explains floating and sinking of objects.
Procedure
- Weigh the object using spring balance in air
- Note reading as true weight W
- Fill overflow can with water up to spout level
- Place beaker under overflow spout
- Tie string to object and lower into water gradually
- Collect displaced water in beaker
- Weigh the object while submerged using spring balance
- Note reading as apparent weight W'
- Calculate buoyant force: F = W - W'
- Measure volume of displaced water in measuring cylinder
- Calculate weight of displaced water: m = density × volume
- Compare buoyant force with weight of displaced water
Observation
True weight of object in air greater than apparent weight in water. Displaced water volume measured accurately. Weight of displaced water equals loss of weight in water.
Result
Archimedes principle verified: Buoyant force equals weight of displaced fluid. Principle demonstrated successfully.
Precautions
- Ensure overflow can is filled to spout level initially
- Lower object slowly to avoid splashing of water
- Collect all displaced water in beaker
- Use measuring cylinder for accurate volume measurement
- Avoid air bubbles around object while submerging
Viva Questions
State Archimedes principle.
Archimedes principle states that buoyant force on object immersed in fluid equals weight of fluid displaced by the object.
What is buoyant force?
Buoyant force is upward force exerted by fluid on submerged object. It acts at center of buoyancy.
How does buoyant force depend on density of fluid?
Buoyant force is directly proportional to density of fluid. Denser fluids exert greater buoyant force.
Why do objects float?
Objects float when buoyant force equals their weight. For floating objects, weight of displaced fluid equals weight of object.
What is apparent weight?
Apparent weight is the reading of spring balance when object is submerged. It equals true weight minus buoyant force.
How is Archimedes principle useful?
Principle is used to determine density of objects, design ships and submarines, explain floating and sinking, and calculate buoyancy in fluids.
More Class 10 Physics Practicals
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- To Verify Ohm's Law
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- To Study the Laws of Reflection
- To Determine the Density of a Solid
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