What is Carbohydrate? Definition, Meaning & Example
An organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen that serves as a primary energy source for living organisms.
TL;DR: An organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen that serves as a primary energy source for living organisms.
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Carbohydrate: An organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen that serves as a primary energy source for living organisms.
Explanation
Carbohydrates include sugars, starches, and cellulose. Simple carbohydrates (monosaccharides) like glucose are small and quickly absorbed. Complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides) like starch break down slowly, providing sustained energy. Glucose from carbohydrates is used in respiration to produce ATP, the energy molecule cells use. Carbohydrates also form structural components like cellulose in plant cell walls and chitin in insect exoskeletons. Dietary sources include rice, bread, fruits, and vegetables. In India, rice and wheat are major carbohydrate sources. Excess carbohydrates are stored as glycogen or fat.
Example
When you eat rice, your digestive system breaks down the starch (a carbohydrate) into glucose, which is absorbed into the blood and used for energy.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between simple and complex carbohydrates?
Simple carbohydrates are small molecules like glucose and sucrose, quickly absorbed. Complex carbohydrates like starch are large molecules, slowly digested.
Why are carbohydrates important?
Carbohydrates are the primary energy source for cells. They also provide structural support and serve other cellular functions.
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