Robotics Obstacle Avoidance — Free Robotics Tutorial

TL;DR: Learn Robotics Obstacle Avoidance in Robotics with a free, beginner-friendly tutorial, examples and practice for Indian students on Syllab.in.

Robotics Obstacle Avoidance in Robotics

Obstacle avoidance is a reactive strategy: sense distance → if too close, stop and turn. Variants: simple (on/off), reactive (degree of turn based on distance), wall-following (hug walls).

Ultrasonic sensors scan the front. When distance < threshold (e.g., 20 cm), robot stops, spins ~90°, then continues. Some robots use 3 sensors (left, front, right) for better awareness.

Edge case: robot trapped in corner. Solution: try backing up, reversing turn direction, or using different threshold.

const int trigPin = 4;
const int echoPin = 3;

int distance = getDistance();

if (distance < 20) {
  stopMotors();
  turnRight(90);  // Arbitrary turn
  delay(1000);
} else {
  moveForward(200);
}

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