Generative AI — How ChatGPT and Gemini Create Content — Free AI & ML Tutorial

TL;DR: Learn Generative AI — How ChatGPT and Gemini Create Content in AI & ML with a free, beginner-friendly tutorial, examples and practice for Indian stude…

Generative AI — How ChatGPT and Gemini Create Content in AI & ML

Generative AI is AI that creates new content — text, images, music, code, videos — rather than just classifying or predicting. ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude, Midjourney, and DALL-E are all examples of Generative AI.

For text generation, the dominant technology is Large Language Models (LLMs). These are neural networks trained on enormous amounts of text (the entire internet, books, code) to predict "what word comes next?". By predicting the next word billions of times, they learn to write coherent, knowledgeable text.

LLMs work by tokenisation (splitting text into tokens), embedding (converting tokens to numbers), and transformer architecture (attention mechanism that lets the model consider the full context of everything said so far).

The "transformer" architecture (introduced in Google's 2017 paper "Attention Is All You Need") revolutionised AI. GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) — the T stands for Transformer.

# How an LLM predicts next tokens (simplified):
# Input: "The capital of India is"
# Model: looks at ALL previous tokens
# Output: probability distribution over vocabulary
# Highest probability: "New" → "Delhi"
# So the model outputs: "New Delhi"

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