Temperature measures the average kinetic energy of particles while heat is energy transfer. Understanding these concepts explains cooking, weather, an
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Why does ice feel colder than water at 0 degrees even though they are the same temperature?
Ice has lower thermal conductivity than water, so it does not conduct heat away from your hand as quickly. The sensation of coldness depends on heat transfer rate, not just temperature.
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What happens to temperature during a phase change like melting?
During melting, temperature stays constant even though heat is being added. The added heat is used for latent heat of fusion to break bonds and change phase, not to increase kinetic energy and temperature.
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Why is sweating an effective cooling mechanism?
Sweat evaporates from skin, absorbing latent heat of vaporization from the body. This removes a large amount of thermal energy (about 2260 Joules per gram of water) per unit of heat added, efficiently cooling the body.
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