Acids and bases are opposites that react to form salts. Understanding their properties and reactions is essential for chemistry, industrial processes,
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Why do acidic substances taste sour?
Hydrogen ions from acids stimulate taste receptors on the tongue that detect sour taste. However, tasting unknown substances is dangerous, and strong acids can cause burns.
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How does a buffer solution resist pH changes?
A buffer contains a weak acid and its conjugate base (or a weak base and its conjugate acid). When H+ ions are added, the conjugate base neutralizes them. When OH- ions are added, the weak acid neutralizes them. This equilibrium resists large pH changes.
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Why is water used in acid dilution but not acid addition?
Diluting acid requires slowly adding acid to water to dissipate heat. Adding water to acid concentrates the heat in a small volume, risking explosion and splashing. The saying is: always add acid to water.
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